Colstrip is a city in Rosebud County, Montana, United States. The population was 2,096 at the 2020 census. Established in 1924 and incorporated as a city in 1998, Colstrip is the largest city in Rosebud County with 25.2% of the total population in 2020. Colstrip's primary industries are coal mining and electricity production. It had 4 coal fired plants from 1975 and 1976, and 1984 and 1986 respectively. The former two were shut down in 2020, while the latter two are still operating without modern pollution controls. As of 2025, these are the most particulate matter polluting plants in the US.
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