Pamplona, historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain. Lying at near 450 m above sea level, the city is located on the flood plain of the Arga river, a second-order tributary of the Ebro. Precipitation-wise, it is located in a transitional location between the rainy Atlantic northern façade of the Iberian Peninsula and its drier inland. Early population in the settlement traces back to the late Bronze to early Iron Age, even if the traditional inception date refers to the foundation of Pompaelo by Pompey during the Sertorian Wars circa 75 BC. During Visigothic rule Pamplona became an episcopal see, serving as a staging ground for the Christianization of the area. It later became one of the capitals of the Kingdom of Pamplona/Navarre.
Country: Spain
Founded: 74 BC
Elevation: 450 m (1,480 ft)
Autonomous Community: Navarre
Comarca: Cuenca de Pamplona
Time zone: UTC+1 (CET)
Patron saint: Saint Saturnin, 29 November · Saint Fermin, 6–14 July, 25 September
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