that were available for study, and none was submitted to previous urologic surgery. Their medical histories and lifestyle habits were reviewed, and their renal calculi and urine samples were obtained.

A STUDY which represents local clinicians’ first attempt to investigate the prevalence of urolithiasis (kidney stones) has ...

These results indicate that COM papillary calculi might be generated from subepithelial lesions on the tip of the renal papillae, and that the morphology of these COM calculi mainly depends on the ...