Pleural fluid progresses through an exudative phase (uncomplicated or simple parapneumonic effusions) to a fibrinopurulent stage (complicated para­pneumonic effusions), eventually resulting in ...

Based on the history, laboratory, and radiological studies, this case clearly illustrates an example of a complicated parapneumonic effusion or empyema. He ultimately required surgical drainage ...

When we think about etiology for complicated pneumonia, we also think potentially about some subtle differences between those organisms that can cause parapneumonic effusion or parapneumonic ...

and pleural fluid biomarkers which include biomarkers of infection for example C reactive protein which I used to distinguish complicated parapneumonic pleural effusions from uncomplicated ...

If a parapneumonic effusion is suspected, a diagnostic aspiration must be promptly performed to identify patients with a complicated effusion that requires drainage. Because the initial assessment ...

1 Over the past several years, substantial advances have been made in our understanding of pleural biology and related pathophysiology, as well as in the treatment of parapneumonic effusions ...

Loculated Pleural Effusion is a condition often associated with empyema or complicated parapneumonic pleural effusions, where the loculation of fluid occurs due to fibrinous adhesions and ...

A parapneumonic effusion is a type of pleural effusion (excess fluid that accumulates between the two pleural layers, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs) that arises as a result of a ...

Patients with prior treatment with inhaled corticosteroids, compared with those without, had a significantly lower incidence of parapneumonic effusion (5% vs. 12%). This association remained ...