Double-stranded DNA consists of two polynucleotides that are arranged such that the nitrogenous bases within one polynucleotide are attached to the nitrogenous bases within another polynucleotide ...

In the case of DNA and RNA, these monomers are nucleotides. Nucleotides themselves are composed of three distinct parts: sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. Here's what each of those really ...

nitrogen, and phosphorus. Combinations of these atoms form the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA -- the sides of the ladder, in other words. Other combinations of the atoms form the four bases ...

In 1950, biochemist Erwin Chargaff found that the arrangement of nitrogen bases in DNA varied widely, but the amount of certain bases always occurred in a one-to-one ratio. These discoveries were ...

Rather, DNA was first identified in the late 1860s ... and that each nucleotide was in turn composed of just one of four nitrogen-containing bases, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group.

This discovery, along with the identification of other nitrogenous bases, laid the foundation for our understanding of DNA and RNA structure. Cytosine can be synthesized chemically or isolated from ...

In DNA, two complementary strands of nucleotides pair up through hydrogen bonds between the bases (A with T and G with C) to form the iconic double helix structure. RNA is usually single-stranded but ...