Normally the PMI is just medial to the midclavicular line at the fifth intercostal space. (Note, the nipple is almost never in the midclavicular line and should not be used as a constant landmark.) ...

It confirmed a narrowing of the fifth intercostal space (Figure 1) where the thoracotomy had taken place. Pain was believed to be related to an entrapment of the fifth intercostal nerve or chronic ...

Of particular importance when inspecting and palpating the precordium is the apex/mitral area (left 5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line), as this is where the apex beat can usually be felt (and ...

Frequently, this is at the fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line. When dilated cardiomyopathy is present, this can be shifted laterally. Also, a hyperdynamic PMI is seen in ...

to the fourth intercostal space, just left of the sternum; V3 (white/green lead) midway between V2 and V4; V4 (white/brown lead) to the fifth intercostal space, mid-clavicular line; V5 (white/black ...