We further show that serum from young autistic patients contains mtDNA (n = 20; cytochrome B, p = 0.0002 and 7S, p = 0.006), and anti-mitochondrial antibody Type 2 (n = 14; p = 0.001) as compared ...

Mitochondria, the primary producers of energy ... the researchers developed and attached to the delivery particle a monoclonal antibody designed to seek out receptors on cancer cell surfaces.

For instance, mtDNA (or other extracellular mitochondrial components not measured in this study) could activate TLRs on immune or glial cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 ...