The GSV runs from the medial ankle to the groin ... and superficial systems are interconnected by fascial piercing perforator veins. It is generally regarded that the deep system is a system ...

They explained that varicose veins are usually caused by impaired functioning of the deep or superficial veins, and the perforator veins - short veins that link the superficial and deep venous systems ...

Hypersensitivity to the cold, especially ice cold feet, as well as a feeling of heaviness in the legs, are linked to the ...