Fortunately, there are equations that can assist in understanding ... However, an external cyclic load higher than the tension generated by the preload can cause fatigue failure.

Use this equation to weigh design options ... the bolt must shrink by δbp = Fi/kb to generate preload tension Fi. Because the clamped members are not rigid, they deform by δcp = Fi/kc from ...

Preload: The initial tension applied to a bolt during assembly, crucial for maintaining joint integrity. Fatigue Life: The number of cycles a component can withstand before failure under cyclic ...