When deception is suspected, each sentence a person speaks or writes should be examined for the use of the First Person Simple Past Tense formula to determine if the speaker or writer is committed ...

This is how dictionaries list past forms for irregular verbs: first the simple past tense, then the past participle, then the progressive participle. That past participle is the one that goes with ...

The use of the personal identifier “I” signals truthfulness. Using the personal identifier “I” indicates a person is committed to what they said or wrote. Liars often cannot commit to ...