Uncontested in the air, pterosaurs colonized all continents and evolved a vast array of shapes and sizes. Of more than 120 named species, the smallest pterosaur measured no bigger than a sparrow ...

The evolution of pterosaurs, the first true flying vertebrates, showcases some of the most remarkable adaptations in the history of life. While these creatures are best known for their ability to ...

Some pterosaurs were as small as a house sparrow, while others had wingspans as long as a city bus. An analysis of their bones suggests different pterosaurs used distinct flight tactics to stay aloft.