Inspired by the dead bug style of [Jim Williams]’ creations, [Phil] set out to build a clock made entirely out of discrete components. That includes the counters, driver circuits, and an array ...

For example, transistors and resistors replace the entire IC (Figure 1). The circuit handles only the clock signal or only the data signal. Two npn transistors, connected head-to-head, form the heart ...

This clock, along with a few capacitors and ... [roelh] says this could be used for homebrew CPUs, although this circuit is trading two transistors for a single transistor, two diodes, and a ...

We break down the essential component of modern electronics—the transistor. Transistors are the building blocks behind most of today’s electronic devices, and understanding how they work is key to ...

Transistor aging and reliability are ... This effect depends on the activity level of the circuits, with heavier impact on parts of the design that don’t switch as often, such as gated clocks, control ...

Under optimum conditions, a graphene transistor can change the current in a circuit 10,000 times with a gate voltage ... less powerful cooling systems will be needed, and clock speeds can be increased ...

The most important effect of reducing power consumption is that it enables the clock speed of processors ... is very small and this prevents transistors that are based on these materials from being ...