The cranio-vertrebral joint in fish is like any other intervertebral joint. The head is not any more mobile on the spinal column than any other two vertebrae are on each other. Fish can’t move its ...

Lumbar refers to the lower portion of your back, a term used because these joints are located behind each vertebra or spinal column bone. Like other joints, such as the knee joint, the lumbar ...

Facet hypertrophy is when the joints that help articulate the spinal column—called facet joints—become enlarged, resulting in ...

It causes inflammation of the spinal joints, which can lead to chronic pain and disability if left untreated. In very severe cases, the inflammation can cause new bone to form on the spine.

The spine consists of bones called vertebrae and discs between two bones. The disc is an avascular structure – meaning it has ...

It often affects joints and bones in the spine and lower back. The spinal bones can fuse together over time. There is currently no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, but treatments are available to ...

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis that causes inflammation of joints in the spine. Spondylolisthesis occurs when one of the vertebrae slips out of place. These two conditions can ...