Cells within tissues are continuously exposed to physical forces, including hydrostatic pressure, shear stress and compression and tension forces. The nature of these forces can change in ...

Correspondence to: Professor Maffulli, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Keele University School of Medicine, North Staffordshire Hospital, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke on Trent, ...

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Controlling mechanical properties of polymeric biomaterials, including the elastic modulus, is critical to direct cell behavior, such as proliferation and differentiation. Dityrosine photocrosslinking ...

They synthesize and remodel ECM components, including collagen (types I and III), elastin, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins, which provide strength, elasticity, and hydration to the skin. Skin ...