During the late cocking stage of pitching, the shoulder is in a position of maximal external rotation while the internal rotator muscles act on the proximal aspect of the humerus. The distal humerus ...

Correspondingly, when the external rotation was to be trained ... was then used to analyse the peak torque ratios of the external/internal rotators for each shoulder (right and left) before and after ...

Healthy shoulders with plenty of range of motion will improve your movement quality and reduce injury risk while you exercise ...