The management of pulmonary hypertension has already incorporated the use of multiple therapies into routine practice. Available therapies act principally through vasodilatation of the pulmonary ...

Aims Exercise testing remains underused in patients with aortic stenosis (AS), partly due to concerns about an ...

This results in increased afterload on the left ventricle, an increase in systolic ... and damage to the His bundle as it perforates the right fibrous trigone. Finally there is decreased ...

Not long ago the right ventricle (RV) was considered an “unnecessary” part ... Furthermore, this hangout period shortened with increasing RV afterload. The implication of this hangout period was that ...

With an unclear aetiology and the intent to decrease right ventricular afterload, pulmonary vasodilators were initiated. Follow-up imaging revealed a supravalvular mitral ring as the cause of the PH ...

Limitations of retroinfusion include limited protection for the right ventricle, whose venous drainage is ... outstanding systemic haemodynamic support with an increased left ventricular afterload, ...

As the left ventricle (lower chamber) weakens, pressure in the heart rises and causes fluid to back up into the lungs. This fluid eventually moves into the right side of the heart. Left-sided ...

Pain in the right shoulder and arm can occur due to injury, wear and tear, and other health conditions. You may experience other symptoms with certain causes. Shoulder pain is very common.