Russia’s budget for 2025: war above all | OSW Centre for Eastern …
Nov 22, 2024 · In 2025, war-related spending will increase significantly. The largest rise in expenditure is planned in the “national defence” section, reaching 13.2 trillion roubles (approximately $132 billion), compared to 10.8 trillion roubles allocated for this purpose in the 2024 budget (a 22.2% increase).This sum is also more than 55% higher than the planned spending on this category in 2023.
25 years of Poland in NATO: personal reflections on the Polish …
Mar 8, 2024 · On 12 March 1999, after years of active diplomatic lobbying, Poland joined the ranks of NATO, the transatlantic club renowned for its unique collective defence guarantees. This process yielded success relatively quickly, even though the outcome was not a foregone conclusion, given the variety of internal and external challenges that Poland faced at that time.
Romania: the radical right’s unexpected success in the first round …
Nov 25, 2024 · The far-right populist Călin Georgescu unexpectedly won the first round of the presidential election in Romania on 24 November, contrary to all forecasts and exit polls. Georgescu was running as a formally independent candidate, although affiliated with the conservative-nationalist and Eurosceptic Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR), and secured 22.95% of the vote.
The collective economy is ineffective | OSW Centre for Eastern …
Nov 7, 2024 · When compared to other sectors of the Belarusian economy, agriculture is most affected by the country’s Soviet heritage. Since Belarus regained independence, large state-owned farms operating on the basis of the former sovkhozes and kolkhozes have invariably dominated the agricultural sector. Belarus’s agricultural model has effectively been petrified by numerous legal restrictions ...
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Germany: dark clouds over the mechanism designated to support …
Dec 2, 2024 · On 25 November, the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) submitted an updated bill regarding the mechanism designated to provide financial support for the construction of new dispatchable power plants (Power Plant Safety Act – Kraftwerkssicherheitsgesetz) for final consultations with stakeholders and Germany’s federal states. The stakeholders were given until 28 ...
Russia strikes Ukraine with strategic missile. Day 1007 of the war
Nov 26, 2024 · Under pressure from the advancing Russians, Ukrainian forces are gradually withdrawing from their salient south of Kurakhove. Russia’s troops have crossed the road connecting them to this town and entered its centre, which is currently contested.
Winning the war with Russia (is still possible)
Oct 28, 2024 · Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine aims to subjugate or destroy Ukraine, overturn the current political and security order in Europe, and fundamentally revise the global order. The conflict is systemic in nature and will continue as long as the dictatorial Putin regime operates in Moscow. Although Russia has not achieved its strategic goals, it is not giving up on its aggressive plans.
Defence and determination | OSW Centre for Eastern Studies
Oct 29, 2024 · The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine has continued for over 30 months, without a clear outcome in sight. Following the unsuccessful Ukrainian offensive in the autumn of 2023, the Russians have taken the initiative on the frontlines; however, no strategic breakthrough has been achieved. In addition to the gruelling positional warfare on land, the Russians have launched devastating air ...
A disaster of their own making. The demographic crisis in China
Feb 7, 2024 · China is currently facing demographic problems which closely resemble those seen in most developed countries. However, it has had less time to deal with the consequences of the population crisis. Furthermore, as the Chinese public is clearly less prosperous, the crisis has had a more negative impact on the country’s residents and economy.